Association of Peripheral Blood Parameters with TNM Stage of Breast Cancer

Authors

Safa Fadhil Khudair, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Hilla, Babylon Governorate, IraqFollow
Hussein Naji Alshammari, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Hilla, Babylon Governorate, Iraq
Hayder Abd Al-Rida Alkhafaji, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Hilla, Babylon Governorate, Iraq

Document Type

Original Study

Keywords

Breast cancer, Thrombosis, D-dimer, Inflammation, Neutrophil-Lymphocyte ratio

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. Cancer cells can directly activate the blood-clotting cascade and cause thrombosis. Elevated D-dimer levels show that hemostasis and fibrinolysis are activated globally. It is commonly recognized that systemic inflammatory reactions contribute significantly to the advancement of cancer. Among other inflammatory markers, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios (NLRs) strongly correlate with prognoses in early-stage breast malignancies.

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between pretreatment plasma D-dimer level and Neutrophile to Lymphocyte Ratio to TNM stage of Breast cancer.

Materials and methods: A cross- sectional study was conducted on breast cancer patients in the holy city of Karbala Sixty female patients aged 18 years and above with confirmed breast cancer were enrolled in the study. Laboratory analysis includes pretreatment complete blood count (for Neutrophile to Lymphocyte Ratio estimation) and quantitative D-Dimer level determination. The relation of plasma D-dimer levels and (NLR) with tumor size, regional lymph node state, and distant metastasis of Breast cancer was assessed.

Results: The results of the study showed a significant difference in the mean of plasma D-dimer levels and Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) among tumor size, regional lymph node state, and distant metastasis of Breast cancer. The D-Dimer levels and Neutrophil-Lymphocyte ratio were higher in patients with a higher stage.

Conclusion: Plasma D-Dimer levels and Neutrophil-Lymphocyte are important markers that had a significant association with TNM stage of Breast cancer.

How to Cite This Article

Khudair, Safa Fadhil; Alshammari, Hussein Naji; and Alkhafaji, Hayder Abd Al-Rida (2024) "Association of Peripheral Blood Parameters with TNM Stage of Breast Cancer," Hilla University College Journal For Medical Science: Vol. 2: Iss. 2, Article 3.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.62445/2958-4515.1019