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Hilla University College Journal For Medical Science

Document Type

Original Study

Keywords

Body mass index, Anti-Mullerian hormone, Physical activity, Body circumferences

Abstract

Background: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a glycoprotein produced by granulosa cells and has gained recognition as the most dependable serum biomarker for assessing ovarian reserve. AMH levels serve as an indicator of the quantity of primordial follicles and their likely response to external gonadotropins. Obesity may impact female fertility through direct harm to oocyte health and differentiation or by indirectly interfering with the pituitary-hypothalamic axis, leading to dysfunctional oogenesis.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the role of physical activity and body size on serum AMH levels in women.

Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 150 women aged between 19 and 40 (31.43 ± 5.38 years). Women were collected from a dietary clinic in Al-Emam Al-Sadeq Teaching Hospital and from a private clinic (from September 2023 to March 2024). Physical Activity questionnaire was done and Body measurements such as height (cm), weight (kg), arm circumference, thigh circumference, hip circumference, and waist circumference (cm) were recorded, and basal metabolic rate was calculated. At cycle day 2 or 3, blood was collected to measure AMH using an AMH Kit.

Results: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) Level was measured in the study group. AMH levels were insignificantly lower in overweight and obese patients than in the normal weight group (P=0.39). The logistic regression was done to know the effect of Physical activity on AMH level, there was an insignificant relation between physical activity and AMH level (P=0.28). There was a significant negative correlation between AMH and waist circumferences (P=0.001, r (correlation coefficient) = -0.66). Also, there was an insignificant correlation between AMH with body mass index (BMI) and other body circumferences.

Conclusion: Our research identified an inverse relationship between AMH and thigh circumference, with no associations observed for other body measures or physical activity.

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