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Hilla University College Journal For Medical Science

Corresponding Author

Fatima Hussein Mahdi

Authors ORCID

Fatima Hussein Mahdi:https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8440-3003

Document Type

Original Study

Keywords

Breast cancer, Metastasis, Trace elements

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is a malignant neoplasm characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of breast epithelial cells, with potential for metastasis.

Objectives: To follow the change in the level of trace elements (TEs) and the extent to which these changes are related to the risk of breast cancer before taking chemotherapy or removing the tumor.

Materials and Methods: The case-control group had 90 Iraqi women with newly diagnosed breast cancer, alongside 90 healthy women who were matched for age and body mass index. Elements and electrolytes in the serum, such as iron, sodium, potassium, magnesium, and selenium, were measured using a spectrophotometer. The statistical significance of the differences was determined using SPSS.

Results: The evaluation of electrolytes showed a significant increase in the concentrations of Na, K, in contrast to a significant decrease in the concentrations of Se and Mg in the breast cancer patients compared to the healthy control group. In the current study, among breast cancer patients, the concentration of Iron in the serum was significantly greater in patients with stage IV breast cancer. The Se level had a significant association with the degree of effectiveness in diagnosing breast cancer.

Conclusion: Trace elements and electrolytes can be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis of breast cancer, and further studies are needed to confirm the relationship between trace elements and breast cancer.Our study provides insights into the potential risk markers for breast cancer patients, especially in stage III and IV breast cancer, and the roles and effects of trace elements in breast cancer.

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